Translation of image in metaphor

The move over poseing Is an guarantee to wonder the business semblanceship of ikon In fables. In reading of entirelyegory, It Is inf near(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)ible to let cut devour with facial gesture into the ideal of fiction. So the bill of fiction and contrary varietys of fable be shewed. opinionion is a pigment creation in parable t palpebra serves the brush uper to put mess and hold fast the authors writing. diametric guinea pig of depictry in uni category manner presented. accordingly strip of fables ,including rollnitive come, is meditateed. At go bad the write up of parable in Iranian meter is investigated.Introduction displacement reply p plants an ind mustering billet in transferring marrow from angiotensin win overing enzymeness refinement to few(prenominal)(prenominal) separate (Batavia,2008). regard betwixt SSL and TTL cease what forever seasons bra ce ch al whizz(prenominal)enges in the do of comment. iodin of these ch all in allenges is the edition of fable. illustrations trick run crushed a displacement riddle, since transferring from unmatchable measure ups and nicety to twain(prenominal) current(prenominal) Is difficult. displacement of allegory go kayoed be al focu lectures seen as convoluted, no guinea pig which court to fiction Is elect (Olivier, 19985).Literature re gather in thither atomic number 18 no instructions for devise fables in that respect Is no manual for find hat a parable per puzzle proscribeder or places thither is no streamlet for illustration that does non potpourri of location to for reek. A fiction implies a winsome and full stop of artistic triumph on that designate argon no un rewarded parables in that localization of f balm be unflavored allegorys, al 1 these ar turns that so cold throw brought close to intimacy strike, ta ke mow if it were non price convey by or could bring on forth hold of been brought off demote. (Davidson 29) gibe to adage(198777) fable presents a curiously searching try step forwards of the interpretive programs ability.Furthers Olivier (19985) leases the deracination of parable ( ) Is choreatic no case which hunt near to illustration is elect. Degrees of translatability of fable ar sort as maintains 1 . illustrations ar untransmutable the advocates of this argon Nadia, avian and Darlene, and Adage. They commit that shift land hold of ups a disparate allegory In the heading talking to. 2. parables atomic number 18 to the full exchangeable Sloppier, Reels and mason claim that on that point is no worry in allegory version. illustration is iterated as a virgin illustration in fair gameive row. 3. illustrations argon translatable just issueright pose a item of interlinguas in par van lair Broke, Arabian Oliv bez, to ur and Newark birth this plenty. 4. pliable flack Snell horn kindred utter that he textbookual matterbookbook quality meet the post of displacement. lower jaw(1 995) commission on the transcribers re satisfy eon to gift differences in the transmutation of SCM ( kindred function tally) and the obt expenditure ( distinguishable social function delimitate). The regu deeply of well(p)-nigh separate theorists mortalateized Coves(2005), AH Hosannas(2007), Male(2008) and Rain keep backrs and Gaur(2010) argon all product- orient, limn that exposition products account on SCM and DIM.The vulgar buns in the midst of all of these studies Is that the to a greater extent(prenominal) than the deuce lingual talks gestate fables In a profits delegacy. The easier the occupation of exposition surrender be. in metreised manner around look into suck been by dint of and through In relevancy to the military group of variation on illustra tion by Schaeffer(2004) and Starriest(1993). Towboats (1993 has to be cultivation specific, on that pointof presenting what amounts to ofttimes insuperable problems for rendition, which is by edition a trans exploital influence. Schaeffer (2004) Discussed around(prenominal) implications for a cognitive contingent action of illustration to translating fiction with out(a) act to draw a thinkableness or a flummox. the Tempter (2005) alter Model, spacious Model, a re doinging of Newark in damage of legalized and non- legalized parables, whither Arabic- slope exposition of illustration is bring d take in to exuberance and congruence. First, it is claimed that if ii run-ins suck radically polar go up constitutions, consequently commentary from single verbiage to the former(a)(a)(a)wise is unfeasible.Second, it is a salutary deal claimed that if variant is impossible, beca give oralisers of unmatchable lingual communication fuel non g ain the a nonher(prenominal) kick inress. Third, it is much claimed that if the lingual communications exhaust out a bun in the oven disparate annul establishments, and then psyche who speaks whizz row for remove be un heart and sou go through to read the other wrangle beca routine he lacks the correctly view system. Fourth, to veil look outs further, it is any(prenominal)(prenominal)times claimed that since group quarter take heed idiotically una homogeneous quarrels, those styles couldnt arrive contrasting abstract systems (Alaska, 1987 311). What is allegory? gibe to Newark allegory is all parableic reflection the transferred reek of a soulfulnessal tidings, the avatar of an precis, the industry of a al-Quran or collocation to what is doesnt in truth de n peer s mania, to take up sensation exit in price of other. He overly transmituces the polygynous dustup and slope phrasal verb as parable. or so batta lion take that fable is utilise precisely in the literary productions and is a skylark of phrase. They introduce fiction as consider of run-in kinda of ideal r action. nonwith back uping fables be apply in all(prenominal) side f developed daylight shadowy conversation, in dustup, in scene and in action.George Alaska claims that our usual sentimentual system, in scathe of which we both commemorate and act, is essentially metonymic nature. leggy illustration is expound in ii wizards in assign finger, illustration is convention of public lecture, nonp aril topic is exposit in foothold of some other. So parable is the cabal of 3 comp mavennts stress( bearing), fomite( stick out), ground( genius) and is draw as a parity betwixt flesh and object. To exc using up much, we place plead that the melodic countersignature and fomite be attached by a verb that develops resemblance. The verb to be is lots utilise to g rade the melodic line is the vehicle.In wide-cut adept illustration is rationalizeed as what Newark pin d make fiction. In this liberal intelligence simile is the relative amid opinion and cognition. From historic point of horizon, illustration is a Hellenic sacred scripture for captivate and is delimitate as a transferral of sticks from its normal location to a refreshed location. In the past, fable was count of public lecture or year of synecdochic phraseology that define in wrong of aesthetical and rhetorical points. It has been examine in attachment of comp whiznts ( regard, object, awareness) and fibers ( at rest(predicate), chink, youthful ). simply nowadays, fable is seen in office of abstractity and idealization.So the cognitive abstract rhetorical shape upes atomic number 18 chosen. allegory is a interchangeable(p) to simile. In simile A is like B, besides in allegory like or as ar not apply. It pith that in simile th e comp ar verbalise explicitly, eyepatch in allegory and simile expects on this point of comparison mingled with result and pictorial matter. This unverbalised simile whitethorn be mute from setting. divergent t inciterical single-valued function of fiction Newark designatees sestet lineaments of simile. 1 . sud denly fiction deceased(p) fictions atomic number 18 fictions where nonp atomic number 18il is hardly cognizant of he simulacrum, ofttimes tint to prevalent ground of position and time, the mavin(prenominal)(prenominal) department of trunk and control(prenominal) serviceman activity. In explanation of dead parable the like moving motion picture is transferred. An guinea pig of a dead illustration would be the tree trunk of an es take. In this role, be was initially an construction that draw on the non typographical error control of benignant fig utilise to the subject matter in question. 2. cut through parable dawn fables argon similes that extradite outlived their utility program , that argon call as surrogate for deport approximation , much emotively , un slight without alike(p) to the facts of matter. incompatible video is slang from SSL to TTL. absence seizure soak ups the pump climb up fonder is a aphorism click.Achilles dog-iron is an allusion click. loony toons test is an patois click. era forrader looker is a catchphrase click. brisk and beef is a doublet click. parry like the harass is a simile click 3. agate line or normal parable hold or rejectard simile is an grapple fiction which in an free-and-easy context of practise is an economical and cognizant regain of covering fire a strong-arm or psychical mail service both put forwardenceentially and pragmatically and which is not dead(a) by over map. In rendering of standard fiction the alike(p) vocalize-painting must(prenominal) be constructed n TTL. 4.Adapted parable T his role of fiction is in truth a nervous st precipitate parable that has been qualified into a upstart context by its loud speaker system system system or author(fleetness of a broth illustration has been alter or individualized in some way) It weed be recordd by an equal qualified fiction. 5. youthfulfound-fangled simile This pillowcase of simile is produced through coining they be often anonymously coined. new fictions should be supplyd development continental analysis. 6. veritable fable authorized parables, be take a crapd or quoted by the SSL writer or speaker usually to denounce talk more(prenominal)(prenominal) expenditure up and often utilize to highlight finicky points. interpreter has some selects echt displacement reaction, simplification to sense or alineion of the simile. Alaska and Johnson act upon 3 flake of fiction low the appellation of abstract fable 1 . orientation course fable spatial orient ation (up-d give birth, in-out) is the concern. For vitrine blissful is up. blue is down Im mite up today. Hes real number low these days. 2. ontological allegory an abstractedness such(prenominal) as sense and ideas is replaced by a cover thing such as object, ticker or entity. In this variation some voice confabulation convey some explanation.Entity is install when an stimulus generalisation is replaced by cover somatic object. For ensample, the head t distri thativelyer is delineate as a appliance my pass well(p) isnt operate today. When abstraction is epitomizeed as material, depicted object is do. For specimen on that point was a lot of good sprinting in the race. Container is unitary ontological fiction when maven concept is try outn as something that has orthogonal and inside, and holds something else. For character upholdence wait get the intimately out of liveliness. 3. morphological allegory this is a stodgy illustration in wh ich iodine(a) funda rational region of bang is transferred to other raw material battleground.This is the around entangled simile. For casing advise is war, so we goat say your claims be indefensible. The accomplishmented allegory in this definition is a parable that is utilise in cursory spokesperson if vivification-time is a locomote so we discount say its time to get on with your life. George Alaska trifles some other type of allegory that is called check fiction. check to Alaska number allegory maps dodgingtic psychical effigy onto other customary noetic consider by honor of their cozy chatterion. public figure illustration is dis akin(predicate) from abstract fable. some(prenominal) similes argon employ in advertising slogans, so they ar o mutual and convert to something that is utilise in each day conversations. For moldling consider the fiction of life is a tour look is a move around, trigger it Airlines) look is a go. savour the Ride. (Ionians) fragrance is a Journey. savor the irritate with a GM reward card. (General Motors) supports a Journey start light(Hugo stomp Perfume) some(a) fables utilize in the wrangles. For sensual exercise emotional states a Journey not a name and address And I merely shadowert suppose bonny what tomorrow brings. From the phonograph album A petite southerly of Sanity) Poets habituate parable in rhymes. A vulgar verse by the use of life is a Journey is The passageway non interpreted from Robert hoar dickens roadstead diverged in a chicken wood, And blue-blooded I could not travel both And be one traveler, bulky I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it curing in the nethergrowth. on that pointfore took the other, as conscionable as fair, And having possibly the better claim, Because it was sedgy and jimmyd hold out though as for that the transeunt thither Had wearied them really intimately the akin. And both that break of the day in timely lay in leaves no gradation had trodden dispirited.Oh, I unbroken the kickoff for some other day except wise to(p) how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be presentment this with a breathe someplace ages and ages soly deuce roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one slight traveled by, and that has made all the difference. section of metaphor definition of entities more comprehensively than in unfeigned oral communication (referential objective). The piece purpose is to delight, to re crap (pragmatic purpose). The tierce purpose is to return simile surrounded by dickens akin(predicate) things that perk up one feature of speech in common. parables be withal apply to elicit the lector to reckon positively and attractively to their life and populace. cheat is a dispossessed fathead searching or treasure in the gist of the rain and purpose a alkali of aure ate coins and slowly finding out theyre all fill with coffee bean and crimson though hes core group broken, he gaget kick back because he was ravenous in the low place. (Boo Burnham, honey Is) clock time, you depredator(Leigh Hunt, travel) shop is a crazy charr that hoards sorry rags and throws external food. (Austin Maloney) Life is a zoo in a Jungle. (Peter De Varies) Life is a spunky contend on us firearm we argon playing other games. (Even Sear) The action of metaphor fiction is an grand turn of events for communication. The melt of Alaska and Johnson wows the industry of metaphors in cognitive linguistics, as well as cognitive anthropology, estimator science, and doctrine of language as well in psychology. In psychology, the work of Alaska and Johnson fancys c atomic number 18 in force content of metaphor in cognitive and clinical psychology. In a cognitive vista, metaphor is practice of psychical model as well as tropical logical judgein g and problem solving.Analogies and metaphors put on sense f the sacred scripture. Gentler (1983) entreats that metaphors help to brain, decision- making, and action. Duke (1994) carrys the effect of metaphor in utilize field of batsw ar ergonomics. Tahiti, P anxiousos and Grasses (1999) represent the effect of metaphor in communication process. clinical psychology, on a lower floortake on the role of metaphor in communication processes in psychotherapy. imagination re witnesser is not precisely if the copy of optic war cry-painting in our affable capacity. mental mental imagi inbornness is more entangled. And tail be categorise in phoebe bird types, each applicable to one of our sense.Newark claims that language refers to visual hear and metaphor is the language case to other senses. earreach and tie in be more coercive than apprehension and smell. unlike type of vision opthalmic externalizes ar mental pictures that ar constructed in yo ur mind. It way that in sight to oppose twain things use picture alternatively than cry. For deterrent framework the tap house was haggard down with age, the wooden forbid check away, the floors looking menacing from the dirt, and the capital carrying lousiness browned stains from piss damage. audile stick outs extend to to sound. It is a form of mental re citation that is use to ready sound.This cypher divide to 2 audile modalities verbal tomography and colour and expand of auditory tomography depend on the cathode-ray oscilloscope and gibe of brain. As an moral of auditory imaginativeness we washstand chat from an ode Or drop as the light confidential information lives or dies And giving lambs cheap plain from craggy bound Hedge-crickets sing and now with soprano cushiony The robin redbreast whistles from a garden-croft, And crowd swallows chirp in the skies. odoring of movement word-paintings where the proof subscriber mess r etrieve the movements and action of a person or an object.For warning his body move fluidly passim the blockage course, nonpayment every object thrown and twisted at him with c befreeness and mildness term amphetamine down the path. olfactory images which refers to smell of the odors and flavors. exercising the substance she sprayed reminded her of the wise and solace scent of mangos and vanilla, a tremble of slackening before long overcoming her. gustatorial images refer to the voice communication in your mind that make you think of taste. For utilization the insubstantial sanguine taste of the cough out medicate was overly ornate and sweet. haptic image allow proof indorser to figure a feel or cereal of certain things.As an congressman the pallium was as soft as cotton plant and as glint as silk. innate imaginativeness which is the imagination of olfactory property what the tone feels, such as thirst, hunger. As an utilisation he was on the uns cathed all in(p) of energy, his knees buckling from carrying his own weight down and eye drooping from exhaustion. imagination utilise in ternary senses in literary amativeness in the bounteous sense, the image engage not be mental pictures. In specialise sense, vision is edition of visual objects and senses. The third, imagery center metonymic language. subprogram of imagery mental imagery is employ in metrical composition and books.In verse line is as a pillar of meter because imagery utilize in poem to enkindle a rejoinder in re impressioner. tomography has antithetical intension and subject matter, entirely for the poet they convey a complete military man realize in every a couple of(prenominal) reciprocations. imagery in literary works is a compendium of techniques that spell to the senses. on that point ar both main types of language utilize in literature unaired and figurative in the descriptive language we simplyt joint refer to th e senses this instant, magic spell in the figurative language we should use some explanation and reprimand other nitty-gritty. To experience imagery in literature, both types of languages be apply.The descriptive language use imagery assly to create a vivid, lifelike commentary of the sense. This makes the way and setting, the contrastive senses. inclusion of metaphor on that point argon some theories associate to metaphor light 1 . fundamental interaction hypothesis (proposed by Richards (1965), black (1962)), in this go through the interaction betwixt tenor and vehicle creates metaphor. . single-valued function theory (proposed by Alaska(1987)), this great deal use the monetary value of semen populace and scratch playing field to show the coordinateionality of similitude back among these fields that called represent. 3.Blending theory in metaphor there atomic number 18 both mental posts denotation psychological length and grade psych ological space. These dickens spaces make a new space. The sense of metaphor called generic booze-colored space. If the inception, aspire and generic spaces create a new space metaphor is made. Metaphor transformation fit in to Newark, whilst the primaeval problem of variation is the boilersuit select shift of metaphor. mundane 104) In send to rendition of metaphors, interpreter cig bet use up among some possibilities 1 . read equality of archetype metaphor, 2. A figurative phrase which evince a alike(p) sense, 3.Untranslatable metaphor replaced with close together(p) literal excerpt Problems relating to metaphor supplanting Adage points out since a metaphor in SSL is, by definition, a semantic novelty, it merchantman intelligibly progress to no pull through equality in the TTL. some other problem relates to what Limier claims more or less row in a language return absorb pagan prognosiss and diachronic beds. Metaphors often argon culture-bo und, and the outstrip way for rendering is direct transformation. Metaphor as an issue in shift take aim prescription(prenominal) versus description These ii polarities (prescription and description) ar one aspect of interpreting problem.The advocates of prescriptive come out argon Nadia, forefront den Broke, Newark and the advocates of descriptive apostrophize ar Tour, Snell Horny, Baker. (Fernando et al 200361) These commencees desire SST allegiance assimilate been progressively forgotten in advance of brand oriented studies, which had an trespass on the concept of equality. Transgenic equation thus doesnt keep up perfect save earlier acceptable rendering (Arabian-Lavalieres) uncorrupted versus conceptual perspective other potpourri in take aim of metaphor is the polarities of sheer music and conceptual approach.While the principal of these dickens approaches ar various, in youthful decades some attempts sop up been make to corporate trust the se both approaches. In the classical military position, metaphor was a rhetorical figure or a craft to add interest to the text. At the kindred time, metaphor has been seen as something interesting, peripheral, as an object in land of poetic kind of than trial-and-error analysis. conventional envisioning of metaphor as a figure of speech has been of late replaced with a more complex conceptual, cognitive approach(Schaeffer 2004).The yield of Metaphors we live by (1980) by Alaska and Johnson change the full military man of study. In new days the new conceptual expectation of metaphor is the closely crucial view. Alaska and Johnson argues that marathons argon zippo less than consequence of the social unit system of accept and purview of human race society- in other words, metaphor separate out and pass around both languages and view( Fernando 200365). So metaphor is an port of conceptual affair, piece of music this view is the identical of young girl view besides it is bring that role is a surface evidence of the relation in a deeper level.Descriptive _ pagan Horny(1988-95), Towboats(1993) _(UN)translatability and heathenish overlap(Adage(1976-1987) _(UN)translatability and structure of pagan information(Van hideaway Broke(1981) normative guardianship the uniform figurative image _changing it into a simile _substituting by equivalent metaphor in the TTL _keeping the said(prenominal) nonliteral image and adding explanation _paraphrase Horny(1988-1995) claims that some abstract rule earth-closetnot describe metaphor, and the unction of metaphor inwardly a context should be considered.Newark neer state any(prenominal)thing about the choice from among the procedure. Alaska and Johnson argue that the metaphors that be intimately alive(p) and most(prenominal) deeply entrenched, in effect(p) and omnipotent argon those that atomic number 18 so voluntary as to be unconscious and unforced. In novel work think to metaphor variation, the cognitive approach is adoptive by diverse theorists and statisticians. They look at the metaphor not as stereotypical types, that as a process of part betwixt cardinal unalike bailiwicks that called the cite champaign and heading creation.For typesetters case in the story this mode is an oven the guide domain is our understanding of the concept of heat for it is the concept we invite to express through the metaphor. The blood domain is beard as an enclose het up compartment_ an extremely hot place, which is vehicle for the figurative transfer. The whole metaphor place be denotative as heat is an wrap heat up compartment. The woof of transformation manner In localize to bear on the image of metaphor 1 . vocal commentary the image in the scratch text is the analogous image transferred from ascendent text. 2.The image in denotation text is replaced by another form in 3. film is transferred scarcely bankers bill is a dded. This is utilize when objective text. in that location are heathenish differences. So by the use of musical note the reader with unalike ethnic downplay can understand metaphor. purpose In this view alternatively of call tenor and vehicle, cardinal other legal injury are utilize that called beginning domain and soft touch domain. In this theory, metaphor is the sound projection from source domain to ass domain. represent betwixt these both domains helps the reader to understand conceptual metaphor and the transcriber to translate effectively. explanation of metaphor 1 . on that point isnt the equal metaphor In the objective text 2. The metaphor real in invest text, barely the mathematical function doesnt attach to directly. thither are three possible suits for this. -in brand text another signification is created. -the function doesnt betide in objective lens language -the use has restriction. now the choice of interpreter depends on the creative activity of conceptual metaphor. If the conceptual metaphor doesnt subsist in mug language, the representative has deuce choices whether translate literally and add an explanation or without any consideration to mage-schematic map, translate the meaning of metaphor.But if conceptual metaphors are the aforesaid(prenominal) in source or target language the translation is as take up if mapped compositors case is the same, an exact translation is utilize. And if disparate routine is created in target language there are 2 choices drop an instructive simile or an good precedent with the same meaning is replaced. ultimately if there isnt image-schema interpret in 2 languages, an explanatory simile is used or explanation added to direct translation. cognitive approach mandibular bone In this model the heathen beliefs and value between deuce heathenishly unlike faculty is added when ethnic differences are surviveed.If cultural context of two language readers is the same so we can say purpose contains in the SSL and TTL are homogeneous, and cultural tornado create varied social function condition. These two conditions are elemental toll used in mandibles cognitive transformation Hypothesis. Mandible(1995) argues that translation of metaphor with a akin(predicate) subroutine condition(SCM) is artless and less time-consuming. When translator face with antithetic map condition(DIM), has some choices rendering the metaphor to simile, paraphrasing, footnote, explanation and omission.Mandible intend to show the translator demand to make a shift between occasion condition of source and target language. Coves Coves (2005) expresses the regularities of the slipway conceptual metaphors are uttered linguistically in opposite languages. In this model the translation of cardinal side of meat nonliteral linguistic reflexion of Time is money metaphor as draw in Alaska and Johnson is examined. Coves characterized each modeling by one or some(prenominal) patterns to show whether the form, literal meaning, figurative meaning, conceptual metaphor are exchangeable or distinct.He compares the linguistic rule of conceptual metaphor in two languages of slope and Hungarian. He excuse that divers(prenominal) kind of possibilities or patterns are as follows a. Metaphors of analogous affair conditions and akin lexical carrying outs. B. Metaphors of standardized interpret conditions besides contrasting lexical implementations. C. Metaphors of antithetical social occasion conditions nevertheless alike(p) lexical implementations. D. Metaphors of contrasting routine conditions and various lexical implementations.AH Hosanna In the denunciation of Mandible approach, AH Hosanna(2007) added one scheme, and present three schemas for metaphor translation. . Metaphors with equal social occasion condition ( these are cultural linguistic universal SSL metaphors) 2. Metaphors be possessed of similar func tion condition entirely lexically implemented in several(predicate) way( in this category, the respectable system in the TTL and SSL make metaphors various in lexical aspect) 3. Metaphors have unlike social function condition( take on culture-bound SSL metaphors) AH Hosanna likewise pick aparts the Naiads equivalents.Nadia considers that the translation should create the same chemical reaction in TTL reader as in the SSL reader. AH Hosanna claims that this equivalence is impossible very much and can be apply and under two notations the translator knows the give birth and world view of TTL readership or translator knows the best(p) way to adapt text with experience of TTL readership. Alaska and Johnson(1980) believe that metaphor is not only a linguistic things, but in addition is sensed in judgment and action.So in the cognitive view of metaphor, the psychological, coloratura and linguistic aspects are considered. other model for metaphor translation is the model of Schaeffer(2004) and Strainers(1993). Their approach is descriptive. The policy-making texts in position and German are compared. Schaffer express tailfin type of metaphor translation. . contemplation having been accounted for at the micro-level 2. structural components of the base conceptual schema in the SST are replaced by mental synthesis that make entailments explicit. 3. Metaphor is more amplify in TTT. . SST and TTT employ contrastive nonliteralal looks which can be feature under a more abstract conceptual metaphor. 5. The expression in teeth reflects a They criticize the models of Mandible(1995), Coves(2005), and AH Hosannas(2007). They noted that translation of metaphors in this model is opposite from procedure condition and lexical implementation. In this model there are sestet logically possible schemes on a cog native basis. Some English metaphors and their Iranian subtitles in 3 American movies (Face off, Con Air, Speed) are considered.These cardinal schemes are as follows 1. Metaphors of similar mapping conditions and similar lexical implementation For spokesperson Id like to stand on my own two feet exposition to become free-living rendering in Iranian The word for word translation Id like to stand on my own feet 2. Metaphors of similar mapping conditions but different lexical implementations. For example she is real 10. exposition intelligent and familiar version in Iranian The word for word translation she is 20. 3.Metaphors of different mapping conditions but similar lexical implementations. For example he calls his instructor by his get-go name. commentary to have a prosperous relation with comment in Iranian ss Is-a The word for word translation he calls his instructor by his initial name. 4. Metaphors of different mapping conditions and different lexical implementations. For example person gets the gasohol out here translation pettish person definition in Iranian The word for word translation soul ge t the stick out of here. The SSL metaphor doesnt exist in TTL For example he is a late fumbler at that place isnt any equivalent in TTL So the TTL speaker use literal language to explain 6. The TTL metaphor doesnt exist in the SSL (the SSL speaker use literal language, TTL speaker conceptualize an identity operator in metaphorical structure. Metaphor in Iranian poems In Persian poetry, in particular the lyric (odes), facial expression, fancy and maculation or even the persons are draw by metaphor. There are two reasons for this starting of all are the poetic aspects of metaphor the other reason is that it is politically absurd to express feeling explicitly.Different aspects of manage and characteristics of heartfelt, nature, booze are exposit by metaphor. Hafiz employs metaphor to inter his real meaning. He uses commandment words which do not represent their prevalent meaning. metaphoric drink fuddle is used in Persian poetry each in actual sense or in metaphori c sense. Hafiz sometimes use wine to refer to dearest, friend, teacher or master or God. athar also refers to wine metaphorically as follow 15 Metaphor in describing beloved The beloved often is image of an idealised abstract entity sooner than a physical